Nā hōʻike paʻa ʻole o nā emulsions (flocculation, coalescence, stratification a me demulsification)

Aia kekahi mau hōʻike opaʻa ʻole o ka emulsionnā ʻano like ʻole: flocculation, coalescence, stratification (a i ʻole sedimentation), demulsification, phase inversion a me Ostwald ripening.

1.Flocculation

Hoʻohuihui nā kulu i hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o ka emulsion e hana i nā hui o nā kulu ʻekolu-dimensional, i wehewehe ʻia he flocs, a ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he flocculation. Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, ʻaʻohe loli koʻikoʻi i ka nui a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā kulu i loko o nā flocs, a ʻaʻole hana ka hui ʻana o nā kulu, me nā kulu e mālama ana i ko lākou mau waiwai mua. Hoʻoulu ʻia ka flocculation e nā mana hoʻowalewale ma waena o nā kulu. He nāwaliwali pinepine kēlā mau mana, e hoʻohuli ai i ke kaʻina hana flocculation (i ʻike ʻia he flocculation nāwaliwali), a hiki i ka hoʻonāukiuki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā flocs.

2.Hoʻohuihui

Inā hui pū nā kulu o nā flocculates, e haki nā ʻili wai o nā kulu liʻiliʻi i loko a hana i nā momi wai nui aʻe. Ua wehewehe ʻia kēia kaʻina hana he coalescence. He hana hoʻihoʻi ʻole ka coalescence, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka helu o nā kulu a me ka haki piha ʻana o nā emulsions, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka aila-wai. Hana ka flocculation ma ke ʻano he prelude i ka coalescence, ʻoiai ʻo ka coalescence ke kumu pololei o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka emulsion.

3.Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana

Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka nui ma waena o ka pae aila a me ka pae wai, e lana a piholo paha nā kulu wai ma lalo o ka hana o ke koʻikoʻi, e hoʻokumu ana i kahi gradient concentration droplet kaulike i loko o ka emulsion. Ua kapa ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo ka creaming a i ʻole ka sedimentation. ʻOiai ʻo ka creaming e hōʻino ana i ke ʻano like o ka emulsion, ʻaʻole i luku maoli ʻia ka emulsion ponoʻī.

4.Demulsification

He ʻōnaehana paʻa ʻole ka thermodynamically kahi emulsion nona ke kūlana kaulike hope loa ʻo ia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka ʻaila-wai a me ka stratification (e like me kahi papa wai a me kahi papa ʻaila), a ʻo ka demulsification kona hopena hiki ʻole ke pale ʻia. Ma kekahi mau kahua ʻoihana, pono ka demulsification. No ka laʻana, demulsifying crude oil (W/O) e hoʻokō ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka ʻaila-wai.

5. ʻAno like ʻole

Hiki i kahi emulsion ke hoʻololi mai ke ʻano W/O i ke ʻano O/W, a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ma muli o nā loli i nā kūlana emulsification, a ua ʻike ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ʻo ka inversion phase.

6. ʻO ka hoʻomāʻū ʻana o Ostwald

Hiki i nā emulsions me nā kulu o nā nui like ʻole (polydisperse emulsions) ke noho paʻa a kūʻē i ka flocculation a i ʻole coalescence. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, neʻe ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka nui o ka kulu i nā kulu nui aʻe, lilo ka piʻo hoʻolaha nui o ka kulu i ʻoi aku ka paʻa, a ʻano like nā nui o ka kulu. ʻO kēia hanana, e like me ke kaʻina hana o ka pala ʻana o ke kristal, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Ostwald ripening.